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North Korea country profileºÏÇÑ ±¹°¡ ÇÁ·ÎÇÊ[BBC] 2022³â 12¿ù20ÀÏ
For decades North Korea has been one of the world's most secretive societies. It is one of the few countries still under nominally communist rule.¼ö½Ê ³â µ¿¾È ºÏÇÑÀº ¼¼°è¿¡¼ °¡Àå ºñ¹Ð½º·¯¿î »çȸ Áß ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.±×°ÍÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ¸í¸ñ»ó °ø»êÁÖÀÇ ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸î ¾È µÇ´Â ³ª¶óµé Áß ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.North Korea's nuclear ambitions have exacerbated its rigidly maintained isolation from the rest of the world.ºÏÇÑÀÇ ÇÙ ¾ß¸ÁÀº ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°Ô À¯ÁöµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµé°úÀÇ °í¸³À» ¾ÇȽÃÄ×´Ù.The country emerged in 1948 from the chaos following the end of World War Two. Its history is dominated by its Great Leader, Kim Il-sung, who shaped political affairs for almost half a century.ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â 1948³â Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀüÀÌ ³¡³ ÈÄ È¥¶õ¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³µ´Ù. ±× ¿ª»ç´Â °ÅÀÇ ¹Ý¼¼±â µ¿¾È Á¤Ä¡ ¹®Á¦¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ À§´ëÇÑ ÁöµµÀÚ ±èÀϼº¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¹èµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.Decades of this rigid state-controlled system have led to stagnation and a leadership dependent on a cult of personality. The totalitarian state also stands accused of systematic human rights abuses.ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ±¹°¡ ÅëÁ¦ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ¼ö½Ê ³âÀº Á¤Ã¼¿Í ÀÎ°Ý ¼þ¹è¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â Áöµµ·ÂÀ¸·Î À̾îÁ³´Ù.ÀüüÁÖÀÇ ±¹°¡´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Á¶Á÷ÀûÀÎ À뱂 À¯¸°À¸·Î ºñ³À» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.FACTS»ç½ÇThe Democratic People's Republic of KoreaÁ¶¼±¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇÀιΰøȱ¹Capital: Pyongyang¼öµµ: Æò¾çPopulation 24.5 million (UN, 2012)Àα¸ 2,450¸¸ ¸í(UN, 2012)Major language KoreanÁÖ¿ä¾ð¾î Çѱ¹¾îMajor religions Mainly atheist or non-religious, traditional beliefsÁÖ¿ä Á¾±³ ÁÖ·Î ¹«½Å·ÐÀÚ ¶Ç´Â ºñÁ¾±³Àû, ÀüÅëÀû ½Å¾ÓLife expectancy 66 years (men), 72 years (women) (UN)±â´ë¼ö¸í 66¼¼(³²¼º), 72¼¼(¿©¼º)(À¯¿£)Monetary unit WonÈÆó ´ÜÀ§ ¿øInternet domain .kpÀÎÅÍ³Ý µµ¸ÞÀÎ .kpLEADER¸®´õSupreme leader: Kim Jong-unÃÖ°í ÁöµµÀÚ : ±èÁ¤ÀºKim Jong-un is the third leader from the Kim dynasty, founded by his grandfather Kim il-Sung.±èÁ¤ÀºÀº ÇҾƹöÁö ±èÀϼºÀÌ ¼¼¿î ±è ¿ÕÁ¶ÀÇ ¼¼ ¹ø° ÁöµµÀÚ´Ù.Kim Jong-un took over from his father Kim Jong-il when the latter died of a heart attack in December 2011.±èÁ¤ÀºÀº 2011³â 12¿ù ¾Æ¹öÁö ±èÁ¤ÀÏÀÌ ½ÉÀ帶ºñ·Î »ç¸ÁÇÏÀÚ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ±Ç·ÂÀ» À̾î¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.Under Kim Jong-un, North Korea has continued its policy of promoting the military at home while sending mixed signals to the rest of the world about its nuclear programme.±èÁ¤Àº Á¤±Ç ÇÏ¿¡¼ ºÏÇÑÀº ÀÚ±¹ÀÇ ÇÙ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ´ëÇØ Àü ¼¼°è¿¡ ¾ù°¥¸° ½ÅÈ£¸¦ º¸³»¸é¼ ±¹³»¿¡¼ ±ºÀ» È«º¸ÇÏ´Â Á¤Ã¥À» °è¼ÓÇØ ¿Ô´Ù.MEDIA¹Ìµð¾îRadio and TV sets in North Korea are pre-tuned to government stations that pump out a steady stream of propaganda.ºÏÇÑÀÇ ¶óµð¿À¿Í TV´Â ²ÙÁØÈ÷ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ¹Ì¸® ¸ÂÃçÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.The press and broadcasters - all of them under direct state control - serve up a menu of flattering reports about North Korea's leader.¾ð·Ð°ú ¹æ¼Û»çµéÀº ¸ðµÎ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ ±¹°¡ ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ºÏÇÑ ÁöµµÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Æ÷ º¸µµ¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù.Economic hardship and famines are not reported. North Korea is one of the hardest countries for foreign media to cover.°æÁ¦³°ú ±â±ÙÀº º¸µµµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ºÏÇÑÀº ¿Ü±¹ ¾ð·ÐÀÌ ÃëÀçÇϱ⠰¡Àå ¾î·Á¿î ³ª¶ó Áß Çϳª´Ù.TIMELINE½Ã°£Some key dates in North Korea's history:ºÏÇÑ ¿ª»çÀÇ ¸î °¡Áö ÁÖ¿ä ³¯Â¥ :1945 - Japan's colonial rule ends with its World War Two surrender.1945³â - ÀϺ»ÀÇ ½Ä¹ÎÁö Áö¹è´Â 2Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀüÀÇ Ç׺¹À¸·Î ³¡³´Ù.1948 - Korea is divided between the Soviet-backed North and the US-backed South.1948 - Çѱ¹Àº ¼Ò·ÃÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â ºÏÇÑ°ú ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â ³²ÇÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´µ¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.1950-1953 - Korean War ends in truce.1950-1953³â - Çѱ¹ ÀüÀïÀÌ ÈÞÀüÀ¸·Î ³¡³´Ù.1994 - Founding President Kim Il-sung dies, succeeded by his son Kim Jong-il, who dies in 2011.1994 - ±èÀϼº ÁÖ¼®ÀÌ »ç¸ÁÇÏ°í, 2011³â »ç¸ÁÇÑ ¾Æµé ±èÁ¤ÀÏÀÌ °è½ÂÇÑ´Ù.2018 - Kim Jong-un becomes first North Korean leader to enter the South when he meets South Korean President Moon Jae-in for talks. Weeks later he meets US President Donald Trump.2018³â - ±èÁ¤ÀºÀº ¹®ÀçÀÎ ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» ¸¸³ª ȸ´ãÀ» ÇÒ ¶§ óÀ½À¸·Î Çѱ¹¿¡ ÀÔ±¹ÇÏ´Â ºÏÇÑ ÁöµµÀÚ°¡ µÈ´Ù. ¸î ÁÖ ÈÄ¿¡ ±×´Â µµ³Îµå Æ®·³ÇÁ ¹Ì±¹ ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» ¸¸³´Ù.[bbc] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-15256929
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